Ngo-11:30 mhla ziyi-19 kuMfumfu 2021, injini yerokhethi eqinile yaseShayina ethuthukiswe ngokwayo ene-thrust enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, isilinganiso esiphezulu kakhulu se-impulse-to-mass, kanye nesicelo esisebenzisekayo sahlolwa ngempumelelo e-Xi'an, okubonisa ukuthi amandla okuthwala i-solid-carrier aseShayina afinyelelwe kakhulu. Ukuthuthukiswa kubaluleke kakhulu ekukhuthazeni ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bezimoto ezinkulu nezisindayo esikhathini esizayo.
Ukuthuthukiswa okuphumelelayo kwama-rocket motor aqinile akugcini nje ngokubonisa umsebenzi onzima nokuhlakanipha kososayensi abaningi, kodwa futhi akukwazi ukusinda ngaphandle kweminikelo yezinto eziningi zamakhemikhali ezifana nemikhiqizo ye-tungsten ne-molybdenum.
Injini yerokhethi eqinile iyinjini yerokhethi yamakhemikhali esebenzisa i-propellant eqinile. Yakhiwe kakhulu ngegobolondo, uhlamvu, igumbi lokusha, i-nozzle assembly, kanye nedivayisi yokushisa. Lapho i-propellant ishiswa, igumbi lokusha kumele likwazi ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu okungama-degrees angu-3200 kanye nokucindezela okuphezulu okungama-2×10^7bar. Uma ubheka ukuthi ingenye yezingxenye ze-spacecraft, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izinto ze-alloy ezikhaphukhaphu ezinamandla aphezulu ezifana nezenziwe nge-alloy esekelwe ku-molybdenum noma i-alloy esekelwe ku-titanium.
I-alloy esekelwe ku-molybdenum iyi-alloy engeyona i-ferrous eyakhiwe ngokungeza ezinye izinto ezifana ne-titanium, i-zirconium, i-hafnium, i-tungsten kanye ne-rare earths ene-molybdenum njenge-matrix. Inokumelana okuhle kakhulu nokushisa okuphezulu, ukumelana nokucindezela okuphezulu kanye nokumelana nokugqwala, futhi kulula ukuyicubungula kune-tungsten. Isisindo sincane, ngakho-ke ifaneleka kakhulu ukusetshenziswa ekamelweni lokushisa. Kodwa-ke, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kanye nezinye izakhiwo zama-alloy asekelwe ku-molybdenum ngokuvamile azilungile njenge-alloy asekelwe ku-tungsten. Ngakho-ke, ezinye izingxenye zenjini yerokhethi, njenge-throat liner kanye nama-ignition tubes, kusadingeka zikhiqizwe ngezinto ze-alloy ezisekelwe ku-tungsten.
Ulwelwesi lomphimbo luyindwangu yolwelwesi lomphimbo we-rocket motor nozzle eqinile. Ngenxa yendawo yokusebenza enzima, kufanele futhi ibe nezakhiwo ezifanayo nezinto zegumbi likaphethiloli kanye nezinto ze-ignition tube. Ngokuvamile yenziwe ngezinto ze-tungsten copper composite. Izinto ze-tungsten copper ziyinto yensimbi yokupholisa umjuluko ezenzakalelayo, engagwema ngempumelelo ukuguqulwa kwevolumu kanye nokushintsha kokusebenza emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Umgomo wokupholisa umjuluko ukuthi ithusi elise-alloy lizoncibilika futhi liphele lapho lishisa kakhulu, okuzobe sekumunca ukushisa okuningi futhi kunciphise izinga lokushisa lobuso bento.
Ishubhu yokushisa ingenye yezingxenye ezibalulekile zedivayisi yokushisa injini. Ngokuvamile ifakwe emlonyeni we-flamethrower, kodwa idinga ukungena ijule egumbini lokushisa. Ngakho-ke, izinto ezisetshenziswayo ziyadingeka ukuze zibe nokumelana okuhle kakhulu nokushisa okuphezulu kanye nokumelana nokukhipha umoya. Ama-alloy asekelwe ku-tungsten anezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu njengephuzu lokuncibilika eliphezulu, amandla aphezulu, ukumelana nokushaya, kanye ne-coefficient yokukhulisa ivolumu ephansi, okwenza kube ngenye yezinto ezikhethwayo zokukhiqiza amashubhu okushisa.
Kungabonakala ukuthi imboni ye-tungsten ne-molybdenum ibe negalelo empumelelweni yokuhlolwa kwenjini yerokhethi eqinile! Ngokusho kwe-Chinatungsten Online, injini yalolu vivinyo yathuthukiswa yi-Fourth Research Institute of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation. Inobubanzi obungamamitha angu-3.5 kanye nokujikijela okungamathani angu-500. Ngobuchwepheshe obuningi obuthuthukisiwe njenge-nozzles, ukusebenza kwenjini sekufinyelele ezingeni elihamba phambili emhlabeni.
Kuhle ukusho ukuthi kulo nyaka iShayina yenze ukwethulwa kwemikhumbi-mkhathi emibili enamadoda. Okusho ukuthi, ngo-9:22 ngoJuni 17, 2021, kwathulwa irokhethi yokuthwala iLong March 2F ethwele imikhumbi-mkhathi enamadoda iShenzhou 12. UNie Haisheng, uLiu Boming, noLiu Boming bathulwa ngempumelelo. UTang Hongbo wathumela osomkhathi abathathu emkhathini; ngo-0:23 ngo-Okthoba 16, 2021, irokhethi yokuthwala iLong March 2 F Yao 13 ethwele imikhumbi-mkhathi enamadoda iShenzhou 13 yathulwa futhi yathwala ngempumelelo uZhai Zhigang, uWang Yaping, noYe Guangfu emkhathini. Yathulwa emkhathini.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba 19-2021